Effects of process-generated hydrogen on RPV walls

Contents

Preface

ii

List of Figures List of Tables Introduction

iv

vii

1

I Literature Review 1 Reactor pressure vessel

3

5 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2 Function of a reactor pressure vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.3 Design of a reactor pressure vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.4 Production of a reactor pressure vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2 Findings in Doel 3 and Tihange 2 11 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2 Flaw indications in Doel 3 and Tihange 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.3 Origin of the indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3 Hydrogen in steel 21 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.2 Solubility of hydrogen in steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.3 Hydrogen trapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4 Sources of hydrogen 29 4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 4.2 Dissolved H 2 in primary water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 4.3 Corrosion of the RPV wall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 4.4 Radiolysis of the primary water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

II Modeling

37

5 Hydrogen production in PWR 39 5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 xi

Made with FlippingBook Publishing Software