Effects of process-generated hydrogen on RPV walls

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Preface	4
List of Figures	6
List of Tables	9
Introduction	15
Literature Review	17
Reactor pressure vessel	19
Introduction	19
Function of a reactor pressure vessel	20
Design of a reactor pressure vessel	21
Production of a reactor pressure vessel	23
Findings in Doel 3 and Tihange 2	25
Introduction	25
Flaw indications in Doel 3 and Tihange 2	27
Origin of the indications	29
Conclusion	33
Hydrogen in steel	35
Introduction	35
Solubility of hydrogen in steel	35
Hydrogen trapping	38
Conclusion	40
Sources of hydrogen	43
Introduction	43
Dissolved H2 in primary water	43
Corrosion of the RPV wall	44
Radiolysis of the primary water	47
Modeling	51
Hydrogen production in PWR	53
Introduction	53
Dissolved H2 in primary water	53
Corrosion of the RPV wall	57
Radiolysis in the primary water	60
Conclusion	69
Hydrogen concentration in PWR wall	73
Introduction	73
Hydrogen from RPV production	73
In-service hydrogen generation	74
Conclusion	90
Hydrogen pressure in PWR	91
Introduction	91
Pressure during normal operating conditions	91
Pressure during incidental or accidental conditions	102
Discussion	106
Conclusion	109
Radiolysis model code	115
Bibliography	135

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